Indian folk painting dates back to prehistoric times. It has left lasting imprints on the culture of the land. Many of these folk art traditions originated in an area-specific manner, in different parts of the country. Yet, they have harmonized in one central core of entity and struck a concordance of symmetry despite having subtle differences in terms of form and style. Patachitra paintings happen to be a vibrant expression of ancient Indian painting, enrapturing millions of art appreciators for ages. Being a traditional form of art, the basics of Patachitra reflect great antique value.
Patachitra originated in Orissa long back in the 5th century B. C. The remnants of the murals have been recovered from areas adjacent to Puri. The ancient forms bear striking resemblance to the current samples of Patachitra.
Many experts have opined that Patachitra originated in Puri, which is primarily known as the home to the famous Jagannath , at around 8th century A. D. Regardless of the time of origin, it goes without saying that Patachitra has made its place in the treasure trove of folk art in India. The unique appeal of Patachitra paintings has dissolved the geographical or cultural barriers and spread far and wide to Europe and North America. It is one of the crucial factors responsible for the cultural intermingling of the oriental and the occidental.
Jagannath cult holds the key if you wish to trace the emergence and growth of Patachitra. The holy bathing of three illustrious deities Jagannath, Balarama and Shubhadra is one of the sacred rituals in Hindu mythology. This ritual is followed by the discoloration of the images. For this purpose the images are removed from the garbha griha or the Seat of the temple. Since the Seat is not supposed to be empty, Patachitra paintings are placed inside the temple while the images are taken away for recoloring. As per the custom, three patas represent the hallowed trio.
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Patachitras are traditionally painted in symmetrical patterns with a regular series of steps. Color combinations play a significant role in this form of painting. Usually bright colors such as red, black, purple, are used. Much attention is given in making the outline of the central composition. As per the convention, the background is colored with red. The figures must have distinctive hues as well, so that they can be clearly distinguished from the rest of the painting. It is up to the painter's discretion as to what type of brush he wants to use. Protective layers made of rice or tamarind seed paste are applied to the painting once it is finished.
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